Studies on abuse between gay male or lesbian partners usually rely on small convenience samples such as lesbian or gay male members of an association.' An article from the Journal of Family Violence also cites underreporting, difficultly distinguishing between perpetrators and victims, the lack of a clear definition of partner violence, and difficulty gathering representative samples of gay men and lesbians as further reasons why finding the true prevalence rate of same-sex intimate partner violence is challenging. The Encyclopedia of Victimology and Crime Prevention states, 'For several methodological reasons – nonrandom sampling procedures and self-selection factors, among others – it is not possible to assess the extent of same-sex domestic violence.
3.3 New York State Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Intimate Partner Violence Network ('The Network').3.2 Community United Against Violence (CUAV).
